Resolution is the number of pixels (individual colored dots) which construct the image, often represented as [columns] x [rows]. The Aspect Ratio can be derived from the resolution.
Projectors and interactive displays have a native resolution, which is the number of physical pixels the device contains. Image quality is best when the resolution of the video source matches the native resolution of the projector or display. When the resolution does not match, the image must be scaled in order to fill the full screen. Scaling behavior varies with different projectors, displays, and video sources.
VGA, SVGA, and XGA refer to 4:3 images with different resolutions. WXGA and WUXGA refer to 16:10 images with different resolutions. Many projectors use these resolutions.
1080p FHD refers to a 16:9 image with 1080 rows. The specific resolution standard for 1080p is 1920 x 1080.
4K UHD refers to a 16:9 image with nearly 4000 columns. The specific resolution standard for 4K UHD is 3840 x 2160. This is why it is sometimes referred to as 2160p. It is precisely double the number of rows and columns as 1080p, allowing perfect image scaling between the two.
This article provides detailed information on graphics display resolution standards: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graphics_display_resolution
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